Aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizers mainly include esters of adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid. They are formed by direct esterification of these dibasic acids and monohydric alcohols. For example, dioctyl sebacate is synthesized by direct esterification of sebacic acid and 2-ethylhexanol.
Aliphatic dibasic acid ester plasticizers are characterized by excellent low-temperature properties. When added to polymer materials, they can reduce the embrittlement temperature of materials or products. Reaching -30~-70℃, among the applications, sebacate ester is the most prominent, especially di(2-ethyl)hexyl sebacate (DOS) is the most widely used. Their disadvantage is poor compatibility, so they are generally used as auxiliary plasticizers.
Sebacic acid, the main raw material for manufacturing sebacic acid ester, is currently mainly cracked from castor oil and is relatively expensive. Therefore, petrochemical raw materials are used to synthesize sebacic acid. Diacids are still a problem that needs to be solved in the industrial production of plastic plasticizers. In recent years, some synthesis methods have appeared. One of them is to synthesize sebacic acid through electrolytic coupling using monomethyl adipate as raw material. There are already industrial productions abroad.
Azelate also has good cold resistance. However, the raw material azelaic acid is difficult to source and the price is relatively expensive. The cold resistance of adipic acid ester is also good, but it is similar to DOA (dioctyl adipate): the molecular weight is small, the volatility is high, and its use is subject to certain restrictions. The cold resistance of the linear alcohol ester of adipic acid is better than DOA. , the volatility is also smaller.
In recent years, a dodecanedicarboxylate has appeared, which has good cold resistance. The raw material of cold-resistant plasticizer, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, is based on butadiene. Prepared by cyclotrimerization, hydrogenation, and oxidation.
Dodecanedicarboxylic acid ester can be produced by esterification reaction between dodecanedicarboxylic acid and alcohol.
This plasticizer is a promising cold-resistant plasticizer due to its rich source of raw materials and good low-temperature performance.
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