Taurine Taurine

Structural formula

• Numbering system
• Physical property data
• Toxicological data
• Ecological data
• Molecular structure data
• Computing chemical data
• More
  • Properties and Stability
  • Storage method
  • Synthesis method
  • Purpose

Numbering system

CAS number:107-35-7

MDL number:MFCD00008197

EINECS number:203-483-8

RTECS number:WX0175000

BRN number:1751215

PubChem number:24278721

Physical property data

1. Properties: White rod-shaped crystals, odorless, slightly sour taste.

2. Density (g/mL, 20℃): 1.00

3. Relative vapor density (g/mL, air=1): Undetermined

4. Melting point (ºC): >300

5. Boiling point (ºC, normal pressure): Undetermined

6. Boiling point (ºC, kPa): Undetermined

7. Refractive index (_D²⁰): Not determined

8. Flash point (ºC): Not determined

9. Specific rotation (ºC): Undetermined

10. Autoignition point or ignition temperature (ºC): Undetermined

11. Vapor pressure (mmHg, ºC ): Undetermined

12. Saturated vapor pressure (kPa, ºC): Undetermined

13. Heat of combustion (KJ/mol): Undetermined

14. Critical temperature (ºC): Undetermined

15. Critical pressure (KPa): Undetermined

16. Log value of oil-water (octanol/water) partition coefficient: Undetermined Determined

17. Explosion upper limit (%, V/V): Undetermined

18. Explosion lower limit (%, V/V): Undetermined

19. Solubility: Easily soluble in water, very slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in absolute ethanol.

Toxicological data

1. Acute toxicity: rat oral LD50: >5mg/kg; rat intravenous LD50: >7mg/kg; mouse oral LD50: >7mg/kg; mouse intraperitoneal LD50: 6630mg/kg ; Subcutaneous LD50 in mice: 6mg/kg; Intravenous LD50 in mice: >7mg/kg; Intramuscular LD50 in mice: >7mg/kg; Intravenous LD50 in dogs: >2mg/kg; Intravenous LD50 in rabbits: ＞1mg/kg; Mammalian oral LD: ＞10mg/kg;

2. Other multiple dose toxicity: rat intravenous TDLo: 182mg/kg/13W-C;

3. Reproductive toxicity

Oral TDLo in mice: 878mg/kg;

4. Mutagenicity

Oral morphological transformation in rats: 7560mg /kg/6W；

Ecological data

This substance is slightly hazardous to water.

Molecular structure data

1. Mount�Refractive index: 25.27

2. Molar volume (cm³/mol): 83.7

3. Isotonic specific volume (90.2K): 129.4

4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 68.1

5. Polarizability (10-24cm3): 10.02

Compute chemical data

1. Reference value for hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP): -4.1

2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 2

3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 4

4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 2

5. Number of tautomers: none

6. Topological molecule polar surface area 88.8

7. Number of heavy atoms: 7

8. Surface charge: 0

9. Complexity: 120

10. Number of isotope atoms: 0

11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0

12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0

13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

14. Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters: 0

15. Number of covalent bond units: 1

Properties and stability

Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents.

Storage method

1. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat sources. Keep container tightly sealed. should be kept away from oxidizer, do not store together. Use explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities. It is prohibited to use mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to sparks. The storage area should be equipped with emergency release equipment and suitable containment materials.

2. This product is packed in a 25kg cardboard drum, carton or paper bag lined with two layers of polyethylene bags. Shade, seal, and store in a dry place at room temperature.

Synthesis method

1 Hydrochloric acid esterification method
(1) Preparation of 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride. Add 100g concentrated hydrochloric acid to a 250mL flask, slowly add 61g of ethanolamine while stirring, raise the temperature to 145-150°C, pass hydrogen chloride gas until a small amount of HCL escapes; then distill, react under reduced pressure for 15h at 150°C, until until anhydrous distillation occurs; finally, cool the reaction solution to 70°C, add 50g of absolute ethanol, cool and crystallize, separate, wash (with absolute ethanol), and vacuum dry to obtain 106g of the finished product, with a yield of 91.3%.

(2) Preparation of taurine. Add 66.2g Na2SO3 into a 500mL flask, add 250mL water to dissolve it, and start adding a solution of 58g of the above product dissolved in 15mL water at 50°C, and finish dropping it in 6 hours; then raise the temperature to 65°C to react for 3 hours, then raise the temperature to 90°C to react for 4 hours, and finally After refluxing for 1 hour, the taurine content was measured and the conversion yield was 94%. Use electrodialysis to remove inorganic salts, and then concentrate and crystallize to obtain 57.2g of taurine acid. The extraction yield is 91.5%, the purity is 99.6%, and the total yield is 83.6%.
2 Sulfuric acid esterification method
(1) 2 -Synthesis of aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate. Add ethanolamine (36.6g, 0.6mol) and toluene (100mL) to a 500mL flask, add 98% sulfuric acid (61.4g, 0.626mol) dropwise while cooling and stirring in a water bath, it will take about 50 minutes to complete the dripping; then add hexadecane Triethylammonium chloride (1.4g, 0.0039mol), use carbon tetrachloride (CTC) as solvent, heat and reflux for 1.5-2h, separate a theoretical amount of water (about 11mL); cool, filter, wash and dry , 83g of 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate (melting point 273-279°C) was obtained, with a yield of 98.1%.
(2) Synthesis of taurine acid. Add sodium sulfite (75.6g, 0.60mlo) and 250mL water to a 500mL flask, slowly and evenly add hydrogen sulfate (28.2g, 0.2mol) under nitrogen protection, and continue to reflux for 10-12h to generate taurine; Evaporate the water under reduced pressure, add 100 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid to the mixture and stir for about 1 hour to completely dissolve the product; filter out the inorganic salt crystals and wash them twice with 20 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure to half the volume, add 50Ml of 95% ethanol, and some crystals will precipitate; put the filtrate in the refrigerator for 1-2 hours, filter to obtain the crude product, and then recrystallize it once with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain 21.3g of the product (melting point 298-301℃, the yield is 85%. The total yield is 83%.
3 Thionyl chloride method
At 60℃, react ethanolamine hydrochloride and SOCL2 for 7 hours according to the chemical formula to get 2- Chloroethanolamine hydrochloride, yield 99%. For example, use 350mL 37% hydrochloric acid to react with 244g ethanolamine dissolved in 800 mL toluene, remove the water azeotropically at 110℃, cool to 50℃, add 3.2g NH4Cl catalyst, and then drop Add 14 mL SOCl2 to generate 2-ethanolamine hydrochloride. Then add 53.7g of 80% of the above product solution dropwise within 3 hours to 180 mL of sodium sulfite solution with a concentration of 21.4%, and react at a constant temperature of 80°C for 4 hours to obtain a content of 39.8 g aqueous solution of taurine, desalted by electrodialysis, crystallized and purified after cooling to 3°C to obtain a product with a purity of 99.95% and a yield of 95%.

4.Hydrolyze ox bile or fish and shellfish such as squid and octopus It is extracted and concentrated from mammalian meat and offal, and can also be extracted from bezoar or chemically synthesized.

Purpose

1. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, food industry, detergent industry and the production of optical brighteners. It is also used in other organic synthesis and biochemical reagents. Suitable for colds, fever, neuralgia, tonsillitis, bronchitis, etc. Biochemical research. Organic Synthesis. D. 2.Taurine is a special amino acid and an essential nutrient for human growth and development. It has a very good effect on promoting the growth and development of important organs such as the brain of children, especially infants. Our country stipulates that it can be used as oral liquid for children, with a maximum dosage of 4.0~8.0g/kg; in infant food, dairy products and cereal products, the dosage is 0.3~ 0.5g/kg; the usage amount in drinking liquids and milk drinks is 0.1~0.5g/ kg

It can be used as oral liquid for children, the maximum dosage is 4.0~8.0g/kg; the usage amount in infant food, dairy products and cereal products is 0.3~0.5g/kg; the usage amount in drinking liquids and milk drinks is 0.1~0.5g/kg