Chloramphenicol

Structural formula

• Numbering system
• Physical property data
• Toxicological data
• Ecological data
• Molecular structure data
• Computing chemical data
• More
  • Properties and Stability
  • Storage method
  • Synthesis method
  • Purpose

Numbering system

CAS number:56-75-7

MDL number:MFCD00078159

EINECS number:200-287-4

RTECS number:AB6825000

BRN number:2225532

PubChem number:24892250

Physical property data

1. Character: white or slightly yellow Green needle-like crystals.

2. Density ( g/mL,25/4℃) ： 1.474

3. Relative vapor density (g/mL,AIR=1): Undetermined

4. Melting point ( ºC): 150.5-151.5℃(149.7-150.7℃). Can sublimate under high vacuum.

5. Boiling point ( ºC,Normal pressure): Undetermined

6. Boiling point ( ºC,5.2kPa): Undetermined

7. Refractive Index: Undetermined

8. Flashpoint (ºC): Undetermined

9. Specific optical rotation (º): 19.5° (c=6, EtOH) .

10. Autoignition point or ignition temperature (ºC): Not OK

11. Vapor pressure (kPa,25ºC): Undetermined

12. Saturation vapor pressure (kPa,60ºC): Undetermined

13. heat of combustion (KJ/mol): Undetermined

14. Critical temperature (ºC): Undetermined

15. Critical Pressure (KPa): Undetermined

16. Oil and water (octanol/Water) partition coefficient pair Value: Undetermined

17. Explosion limit (%,V/ V): Undetermined

18. Lower explosion limit (%,V/V): Not OK

19. Solubility: Slightly soluble in Water (2.5mg/ml, 25℃) , slightly soluble in propylene glycol (150.8mg/ml), easily soluble in methanol, ethanol, butanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, insoluble in ether, benzene, petroleum ether and vegetable oil.

Toxicological data

None

Ecological data

None

Molecular structure data

1, Molar refractive index:72.55

2. Molar volume (m³/mol):208.8

3. isotonic specific volume (90.2K):595.5

4. Surface Tension (dyne/cm):66.1

5. Polarizability（10^-24cm³): 28.76

Compute chemical data

1. Reference value for hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP): None

2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 3

3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 5

4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 5

5. Number of tautomers: 2

6. Topological molecule polar surface area 115

7. Number of heavy atoms: 20

8. Surface charge: 0

9. Complexity: 342

10. Number of isotope atoms: 0

11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 2

12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0

13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

14. Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters: 0

15. Number of covalent bond units: 1

Properties and stability

None

Storage method

This product should be stored in a sealed, cool place away from light.

Synthesis method

Countries around the world have conducted a large number of studies on the production methods of chloramphenicol, which can be summarized as follows: (1) Yes Nitroacetophenone method; (2 ) styrene method; (3) Cinnamyl alcohol method; (4) p-nitrocinnamic alcohol method; (5) p-Nitrobenzaldehyde method. my country adopts the p-nitroacetophenone method, which obtains chloramphenicol from ethylbenzene through nitration; oxidation; bromination; salt formation; hydrolysis; acetylation; addition; reduction; decomposition; separation; and dichloroacetylation. .

Purpose

Broad-spectrum antibacterial antibiotics, used to treat typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever It is the drug of choice and one of the most effective drugs in the treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections. It is also used in the treatment of various infectious diseases caused by sensitive microorganisms. Due to serious adverse reactions, it is used less and less.

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